Physiological roles of COX-1.

Deciphering the physiological roles of COX-2.

EVEN THOUGH BLOCKING THE FORMATION of prostaglandins has been used as a therapeutic strategy against inflammation and rheumatism for more than 3,500 years (16), it is only 30 years ago that cyclooxygenase (COX) was identified as the underlying molecular target (15). COX catalyzes the biosynthesis of prostaglandin H2 from arachidonic acid and is the rate-limiting enzyme of prostaglandin producti...

Physiological Functions and Metabolism of COX

Prostaglandin metabolism plays a pivotal role in inflammatory processes and has also been demonstrated to have a role in carcinogenesis, tumor differentiation and tumor growth in breast cancer. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is the key involved enzyme, as it triggers prostaglandin synthesis. We reviewed the current literature regarding the impact of prostaglandin metabolism on breast cancer and illus...

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1: physiological and pathophysiological roles.

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) inhibits plasminogen activators (u-PA and t-PA) by forming stable complexes endocytosed via a low-density lipoprotein receptor superfamily member-dependent mechanism. PAI-1 circulates actively in plasma and latently in platelets but is also secreted and deposited into the matrix by several cells, where it participates in tissue repair processes.

Physiological and Pathological Roles for MicroRNAs: Implications for Immunity Complications

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding regulatory RNAs molecules with a size of approximately 22 nucleotides that are implicated in regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional regulatory levels. Inflammatory disorders especially autoimmune diseases (ADs) occur from an abnormal immune response of body against cells of their own specific tissues or multiple organ systems leading to ch...

Prostacyclin Synthesis by COX-2 Endothelial Cells: Selective Up-Regulation of in Prostanoid Production by Human Roles of Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2